The angular magnification of a telescope is the ratio of the focal length of the telescope to the distance of the target. The larger a telescope, the smaller the angular magnification.
The same thing applies to the angular magnification of a camera. The larger the focal length, the larger the angular magnification.
The larger the focal length of a telescope, the larger the angular magnification, and the larger the angular magnification of a camera the larger the angular magnification.
In other words, the larger the angle, the smaller the angular magnification.
A telescope is a long telescope, and a camera is a long camera. So it is also possible to look at a distant distant object and see it appear smaller than it actually is. The exact size of the object to the power of our eye depends on the focal length of the telescope (lens). If the focal length becomes shorter, our eyes see the image as smaller. With a larger focal length (like the Hubble Space Telescope), our eyes see the object as larger.
To increase the distance between the Earth’s sun and the point of view used for our telescope, we use an extra sun, or parallax, to compensate for the difference in the size of the Earth. To the power of our eye, the parallax is about 0.4 arcseconds. That means that we can view the sun from a distance of over 4,000 miles, or about the distance from the Earth to the moon.
This is a bit of an oversimplification, but that’s the main point. At a distance of 4,000 miles, most of the light from the sun is blocked out by the Earth’s atmosphere, and thus doesn’t hit our eyes. At a closer distance of 100 miles, the atmosphere is thicker, so our eyes can actually see the sun, allowing us to see even the smallest details.
Our eyes are really good at seeing tiny details. This is because our light refracts in front of our eyes, which lets our eyes focus on details that are closer than the distance from the sun to our eyes. It is a bit of an oversimplification, but thats the main point. The same principle applies to the moon. Its distance does not prevent it from hitting our eyes, but rather lets it focus on things that are closer than the distance.
Basically, you don’t need the telescope to see the moon. If you have an unobstructed view of the moon, you are able to see the details around it. But you still need to have a telescope in order to see the details of the moon. The details are smaller than the moon itself, so you need to have a much larger telescope to see them.
The reason the moon is so small is because the Earth is not a perfect sphere. If the Earth is a perfect sphere, then the distance between the Earth and the moon would be infinite. But because the Earth is not a perfect sphere, there is a large radius where the Earth touches the moon. In fact, you would be able to see the details of the moon just by looking as far as the Earth. But you still need a telescope in order to see the detail.